Table of Contents
What impact or consequence should ciprofloxacin administration have on the pharmacologic response to theophylline?
Concomitant administration of ciprofloxacin with theophylline decreases the clearance of theophylline resulting in elevated serum theophylline levels and increased risk of a patient developing CNS or other adverse reactions.
What drugs affect theophylline levels?
Administration of allopurinol, oral contraceptives, cimetidine, erythromycin, quinolone antibiotics, fluvoxamine, zileuton, and zafirlukast has been shown to increase theophylline levels.
Which medication is incompatible with theophylline?
Examples of drugs not found to have a significant effect on theophylline pharmacokinetics are ranitidine, josamycin, midecamycin, amoxycillin, tetracycline, cephalexin, cefaclor, orciprenaline, metoprolol, antacids, medroxyprogesterone acetete, metoclopramide, and metronidazole.
Can fluoroquinolones increase the risk of theophylline toxicity?
Conclusion: Treatment with ciprofloxacin is associated with a significant increase in the risk of theophylline toxicity. When clinically appropriate, alternate antibiotics should be considered for elderly patients receiving theophylline.
What are the contraindications of ciprofloxacin?
Who should not take CIPROFLOXACIN?
- diarrhea from an infection with Clostridium difficile bacteria.
- diabetes.
- low blood sugar.
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
- low amount of magnesium in the blood.
- low amount of potassium in the blood.
- a low seizure threshold.
What is theophylline toxicity?
Therefore, Theophylline toxicity occurs when serum theophylline levels surpass the levels in the therapeutic range. This can occur by intentional overdose or unintentionally when metabolism and/or clearance of theophylline is altered due to certain physiological stressors.
Which medications can increase the risk of theophylline toxicity?
Causes of chronic theophylline toxicity include the following: Drug interactions (eg, ethanol [ETOH], cimetidine, oral contraceptives, allopurinol, macrolide antibiotics, quinolone antibiotics)
What can causes theophylline toxicity?
What is a Level 1 drug interaction?
Level 1 consists of the most serious, life-threatening interactions implemented as “hard stop” alerts that require a clinician to either cancel the order he or she is writing or discontinue the pre-existing, interacting medication order.
How do you test for ciprofloxacin toxicity?
After taking quinolones like Cipro or Levaquin, symptoms start, then get worse over time. To determine whether chronic quinolone toxicity is causing current symptoms, blood biomarker tests and an examination are necessary. We can draw blood anywhere in the U.S. Then a trip to Atlanta is necessary for the examination.
What is ciprofloxacin most commonly used to treat?
Ciprofloxacin is used to treat bacterial infections in many different parts of the body. Ciprofloxacin oral liquid and tablets are also used to treat anthrax infection after inhalational exposure. This medicine is also used to treat and prevent plague (including pneumonic and septicemic plague).
How can theophylline toxicity be corrected?
Activated charcoal can bind theophylline in the gastrointestinal tract and should be used initially in intoxication. If the patient presents within 1 hour of acute ingestion or after ingesting a large dose of sustained-release preparation, whole bowel irrigation should be considered.
Which medication causes theophylline toxicity when taken concurrently?
However, it may also be brought about by interference of its metabolism secondary to the concurrent administration of other drugs. Erythromycin is important in this regard as illustrated in the following case of a 16-year-old girl who developed theophylline toxicity while on therapy with both of these drugs.
What is the most common symptom of theophylline toxicity?
Neurological signs include tremors (most common), restlessness, agitation, and altered mental status. Persistent seizures may occur with serum levels > 25 mcg/mL. Gastrointestinal manifestions are nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea.
What are 3 types of drug interactions?
There are three types of drug interactions:
- Drug-drug interaction: A reaction between two (or more) drugs.
- Drug-food interaction: A reaction between a drug and a food or beverage.
- Drug-condition interaction: A reaction that occurs when taking a drug while having a certain medical condition.
What are the levels of drug interactions?
The definition of each drug interaction risk rating is as follows:
- Risk Rating Major – Severity Major.
- Risk Rating Moderate – Severity Moderate.
- Risk Rating Moderate – Severity Major.
- Risk Rating Minor – Severity Moderate.
- Risk Rating Minor Suspected.
- Risk Rating Minor – Severity Minor.
- Risk Rating Any Doubtful/Unknown.
How is fluoroquinolone toxicity treated?
Fluoroquinolone Toxicity is difficult to diagnose and treat. The regenerative injections developed and innovated by Dr. Hanson have been undergoing constant improvement to address the underlying reasons for FQT—particularly mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of collagen integrity and neurologic damage.
What is ciprofloxacin toxicity?
Fluoroquinolone toxicity is damage caused by antibiotics capable of causing severe, body-wide side effects, ranging from antibiotic tendon rupture and muscle pain to depression and psychosis.
Who should not take ciprofloxacin?
Ciprofloxacin should not normally be given to children younger than 18 years of age unless they have certain serious infections that cannot be treated with other antibiotics or they have been exposed to plague or anthrax in the air.
When should theophylline levels be taken?
Plasma-theophylline concentration is measured 5 days after starting oral treatment and at least 3 days after any dose adjustment. A blood sample should usually be taken 4–6 hours after an oral dose of a modified-release preparation (sampling times may vary—consult local guidelines).
What drugs interact with Cipro?
Disabling and Potentially Irreversible Serious Adverse Reactions
Can Cipro and theophylline be taken together?
Cipro and theophylline should not be taken together if possible. Tizanidine Cipro can increase the sedative and blood pressure effects of tizanidine (Zanaflex).
Does caffeine interact with Cipro?
ciprofloxacin Caffeine. Moderate Drug Interaction. Using caffeine together with ciprofloxacin may increase the effects of caffeine. Contact your doctor if you experience headache, tremor, restlessness, nervousness, insomnia, and increased blood pressure or heart rate.
What to know about theophylline?
Uses. Theophylline is considered a component of a treatment plan.